Know About Common Eye Diseases

Eye is a very important organ in our body. It is very important to protect them from various types of eye diseases. It is necessary to know about common eye conditions that affect our eyes, to prevent them from conquering our eyes and ways to ease them.

Cataract

The first in the list is cataract. Cataract is a common eye condition, characterized by cloudy lens. The vision gets blurred because the light passing through eyes get scattered and reduced. There is also sensitivity to light and glare. Age is also one of the causes of this condition. Usually all people get cataract after the age of forty. The protein structure of lens also changes because of ageing. One should not drink excessive alcohol as well as increased smoking. Diabetes, vascular diseases and eye injury is also known to cause cataract. The must not be exposed to sunlight for a prolonged period of time. One must eat adequate amount of vegetables, fruits, beta carotenes and vitamins. Our eyes must not be exposed to sunlight for a prolonged period of time. Use of corticosteroids must be limited to some extent. Magnifying glasses or bifocals can be used during the initial stages. When cataract is distracting your vision, the cloudy lens must be replaced by an intraocular lens which provides clear vision.

Trachoma

Trachoma is one of the common eye conditions. It is caused by bacteria and if left untreated, it could lead to blindness. One of the biggest causes is poor hygiene in face. Poverty is another factor, especially developing countries where proper hygiene is not maintained. It is contagious and can spread to another person through sneezing, coughing and infected hands. To be safe from trachoma, one must maintain proper hygiene and keep the surroundings clean. In advanced cases, eyelid surgery is prescribed. Antibiotics are prescribed when there is vision loss.

Macular Degeneration

Age related macular degeneration involves steady deterioration of macula present in the retina. Macula is the central part found in the central part of eye and is responsible for providing clear vision. Some of the causes of this condition are heredity, aging, smoking, inadequate intake of vitamins like C and E, carotenoids etc. There is no permanent cure for this condition but early detection can prevent eyes from getting blind. Laser surgery, photodynamic therapy and eye injections are used to ease this condition.

Glaucoma

Glaucoma is also one of the common eye conditions known to damage optic nerve present in eyes. It is also associated with increased eye pressure. To prevent vision loss, early detection of this condition is necessary with the help of a comprehensive eye examination. Some of the causes of this condition are high intraocular pressure, heredity, high shortsightedness, high blood pressure, diabetes, steroid usage, eye injury etc. Laser surgery is done to ease glaucoma and some medications are also used.

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